History: Theme-related Software Concept and Design

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            !Overview
Tiki uses the Smarty template engine, so pages generally have a PHP file (.php) and a Smarty template (.tpl) associated with them. These produce the XHTML for the page, which is then given visual styles with CSS. The CSS is provided by a combination of some feature-specific stylesheets, default layout and design stylesheets, and theme stylesheets.

! Concept (Tiki14)
{REMARKSBOX(type="info" title="please mind")}
Status 8th Dec 14: As a number of design and layout concepts changed with effects to the directory structure, s ome of these features are not (yet) working after an upgrade to pre-14 trunk, but the developers are working on getting the functionality back into Tiki14. Hopefully we get there before branching. Until then this page is meant to determine the missing parts and the concepts how to integrate the old or improved functionalities. {REMARKSBOX}
There are several features that determine which theme is displayed for a given screen. See also http://doc.tiki.org/Themes
!!Site theme
Site theme setting can be made at the __Look and Feel__ settings panel. Themes can have options.

Overrides:
- none

Overridden by:
- user theme
- group theme
- theme control
- perspective

!! User theme
If preference  change_theme is enabled than users are allowed to change theme. 

Overrides:
- site theme
- perspective

Overridden by:
- group theme
- admin theme
- theme control

Limited by:
- available themes

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In the Look&Feel settings page it is possible to limit the list of the themes users can pick from when changing theme is allowed (preference name: available_themes). It is not possible to limit theme options, so all options of the allowed themes shall be available for selection.
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!! Admin theme
Themes for the  settings control panels. (tiki-admin.php?page=XXX) . Can have options too.

Overrides:
- site theme
- user theme
- group theme

Overridden by:
- perspective setting

Not affected by:
- theme control 

!!Theme Control feature
Allows to have a specific theme for objects, categories and sections, see [http://doc.tiki.org/Theme+Control|Documentation]

Overrides:
- site theme
- user theme
- group theme
- perspective

Overridden by:
- none

No effect for:
- admin theme

!! Perspective feature
Perspectives are to override a preference, see  [http://doc.tiki.org/Perspectives|Documentation]

Overrides:
- site theme
- admin theme

Overridden by:
- user theme

!!Group theme feature
Define a theme for a group (tiki-admingroups.php)

Overrides:
- site theme 
- user theme
- perspective

Overridden by:
- admin theme
- theme control

!! How does Tiki determine which theme setting should be applied when displaying a given screen?

1) Check for user's theme preference

2) If there is a group theme defined, override user's theme

3) If Theme Control feature is enabled, than override the above like this:
- If a theme is assigned to the individual object that theme is used
- If not then if a theme is assigned to the object's category that theme is used
- If not then a theme for the section is used

4) If an admin page (Settings control panel) is displayed, see if there is any admin theme set to override.  When in a perspective, see if there is a perspective specific setting and override if available.

5) If none of the above applies, use the site theme. When in a perspective, see if there is a perspective specific setting and override if available.

! Theme related CSS files
!!Basics
1) Tiki always loads themes/base_files/css/tiki_base.css, no matter which theme is selected. This file contains rules specific to Tiki that Bootstrap doesn't have awareness of.

2) The css file of a theme (or theme option) always have to be named like this: tiki.css. So they will no more match the name of the theme,  This isn't necessary if the theme is selected by specifying the Custom theme URL. If it's selected as a theme in the "themes" directory, then it needs to follow that naming scheme.

!!Create a new theme or theme option
!!!New theme
If you want to create a new theme for Tiki, you have place a tiki.css file under the css folder in the theme (eg: themes/mytheme/css/tiki.css). 
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The themes/base_files/tiki_base.css has rules for Tiki-specific things (similar to the old layout.css and design.css). It doesn't have anything related to Bootstrap, though, such as the grid, form classes, and so on. These have  to be provided by the theme stylesheet.
It isn't necessary to use Less to make the theme stylesheet, as long as the end product is essentially a bootstrap.css equivalent. That is, the theme stylesheet needs to contain the grid layout classes, rules for responsive behavior, and so on in addition to the color and typography rules, etc. for the theme. 
Anyway, this is what we might think of as the "standard" way, with the fewest separate CSS files.
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!!!New theme option
If you want to create a simple new option called myoption (eg: for the jqui theme), than proceed like this:
* step1) create a new subfolder under the "themes/jqui/options" folder called "myoption/css" (so path is: "themes/jqui/options/myoption/css/")
* step2) place in the new folder a file called tiki.css that contains the css for your new option (eg: "themes/jqui/options/myoption/css/tiki.css")
* step3) optionally place in the new folder a custom.css file that contains your specific local customizations for that one Tiki instance (eg:  "themes/jqui/options/myoption/css/custom.css")

For more complex options you can also have the same folder structure as for a normal theme (fonts, icons, images, templates, etc).
{REMARKSBOX(type="info" title="Tip")}
If you just want a few simple changes to the default Bootstrap theme, than create  a new option under "themes/default/options/" 
This way the new theme doesn't have to have the bootstrap rules. The new theme can just override or add to the bootstrap rules, essentially being a Bootstrap theme option. 
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!!!Customizaton of Tiki themes and options
If you want to slightly modify (change some colors, backgrounds, etc) a theme or a theme option shipped with Tiki than it is better for you, if you don't edit the theme files directly, but create a custom.css file in the same directory of the theme or theme option and store your customizations there. 
Your customizations will override the rules of the theme like this:
* For a main theme Tiki gets first the theme's main css file (eg: from themes/mytheme/css/tiki.css), than a custom.css file containing local customizations if found in the theme's css folder (eg: /themes/mytheme/css/custom.css)
* If a theme option is enabled, than Tiki gets first the theme's main css file (eg: from "themes/jqui/css/tiki.css") than get the option's css file ("themes/jqui/options/myoption/css/tiki.css"), than finally the __theme option's__custom.css file containing local customizations if found in the option's folder (eg: "themes/jqui/options/myoption/css/custom.css")

!Developer info
The different theme settings are stored in preferences and can be accessed smarty variable

{CODE()}Theme related preferences:
$prefs['theme_active'] - this is the theme that will be displayed
$prefs['theme_active_option'] - the option to be displayed
$prefs['theme_admin'] - the theme to be displayed for admin pages
$prefs['theme_admin_option'] - the option to be displayed for admin pages
$prefs['theme_site'] - the theme setting for the site stored in tiki_preferences table
$prefs['theme_site_option'] -  the theme option setting for the site stored in tiki_preferences table
$prefs['available_themes'] -  list of themes available for users to pick their preferred theme for the site stored in tiki_preferences table
$prefs['user_theme'] - the user's theme preference stored in tiki_user_preferences table
$prefs['user_theme_option'] - the user's theme preference stored in tiki_user_preferences table
$prefs['tc_theme'] - ?
{CODE}